Covid
Mahmoud Ali Hassan
Abstract
The most common cause of angina is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Signs and symptoms of angina pectoris appear when one or more coronary arteries are more than 75% blocked. Angina pectoris is derived from the Greek word meaning chest compression. The presence of angina indicates cardiac ischemia. ...
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The most common cause of angina is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Signs and symptoms of angina pectoris appear when one or more coronary arteries are more than 75% blocked. Angina pectoris is derived from the Greek word meaning chest compression. The presence of angina indicates cardiac ischemia. Ischemia was associated with short-term angina. It does not lead to permanent damage to the heart muscle tissue, but it is nevertheless a life-threatening factor and can further lead to dysrhythmia and myocardial infarction. Angina pectoris is caused by a temporary ischemia caused by an imbalance between the supply and demand of oxygen required by the heart muscle. Angina pain is often relieved by rest and consumption of nitroglycerin and its accompanying symptoms include: shortness of breath, tachycardia, palpitations, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, sweating, paleness, weakness and syncope may be associated with Angina to be seen. Contact with cold and drinking cold liquids causes the arteries to constrict, reduces coronary blood flow, and increases the myocardial need for oxygen. Eating too much food reduces coronary blood flow and increases myocardial oxygen demand due to the diversion of blood to the gastrointestinal tract. Stress and anxiety, accompanied by the release of catecholamines into the bloodstream, increase blood pressure and increase heart rate and increase myocardial oxygen demand.
Covid
Mahmoud Ali Hassan
Abstract
The purpose of coronary artery angioplasty is to revascularize the heart muscle, which is responsible for reducing angina pain and increasing life expectancy. PTCA is an invasive intervention method used in patients with angina pectoris as well as acute MI. Unstable angina that does not respond to drug ...
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The purpose of coronary artery angioplasty is to revascularize the heart muscle, which is responsible for reducing angina pain and increasing life expectancy. PTCA is an invasive intervention method used in patients with angina pectoris as well as acute MI. Unstable angina that does not respond to drug treatment and lasts less than 1 year affects the patient's quality of life. Chronic and debilitating angina and new ECG changes include ST-segment elevation and pathological Q-wave. Acute MI that lasts less than 6 hours with or without concomitant use of thrombolytic agents and patients for whom CABG is dangerous. The patient should trust the treatment team, as fear can lead to vagal attacks of PTCA failure. Initially used as an alternative non-surgical invasive treatment for patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting, today it is an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of Acute MI with fibrinolytic drugs. Acute pulmonary edema is a condition of abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Fluid may accumulate in the interstitial space or alveoli. Acute pulmonary edema is an acute event caused by heart failure, it can be acutely caused by factors such as myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure. Myocardial infarction as an ischemic effect can reduce ventricular dilatation and its function can significantly increase cardiac output. As resistance increases, left ventricular filling causes the blood to return to the pulmonary circulation.
Covid
Mahmoud Ali Hassan
Abstract
Shows the axis of the heart to propagate depolarization that extends into the heart to constrict the myocardium. In fact, the heart axis shows the direction in which most electrical stimuli move. When you read electrocardiograms, the heart axis indicates the direction of propagation of the stimulus. ...
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Shows the axis of the heart to propagate depolarization that extends into the heart to constrict the myocardium. In fact, the heart axis shows the direction in which most electrical stimuli move. When you read electrocardiograms, the heart axis indicates the direction of propagation of the stimulus. In addition, the direction of the heart axis indicates many disorders and changes in the heart. Usually at least two derivations are required to determine the axis. Algebraic sum is used to calculate the positive and negative of the QRS complex. For example, if the complex has a long R and a short S, count the number of cells occupied by R on the electrocardiogram paper vertically and count it as a positive digit, and count the number of negative cells as a negative digit. We put and then calculate its algebraic sum. If the biphasic complex is one and its size S and Rare exactly equal, the algebraic sum will be zero, which is why in this derivation the electric force is equal on both sides, so it is at the central point. But if the algebraic sum is a positive or negative numerical derivation, that is, the corresponding derivation line is deviated in the positive or negative direction. To determine the axis, it is usually best to see which of the 6 organ derivatives is biphasic, and then find the derivative perpendicular to it, the best lead being the AVF lead perpendicular to the D1 lead or the AVL lead perpendicular to the D2 lead and the AVR lead It is perpendicular to the D3 lead, the most common being the first. Examining an EKG will show that as the location of the positive electrode in the breast derivatives changes sequentially.
